Blurred vision
Blurred vision can be linked to a range of health issues. It's important to speak with a healthcare professional if you notice this symptom.
When to seek medical help
If your blurred vision is severe, sudden, or accompanied by other concerning symptoms, seek urgent medical attention. Always consult a healthcare professional if you are concerned.
Conditions related to blurred vision
Low blood pressure (hypotension)
Learn about low blood pressure, also known as hypotension, including its symptoms, when you should have your blood pressure checked, and the available treatments for this condition.
High blood pressure
Learn about high blood pressure, including how to determine if you have it, the factors that contribute to its development, and effective strategies to reduce it.
Cataracts in adults
Cataracts in adults are a common eye condition where the lens of the eye becomes cloudy, leading to vision problems. Symptoms often include blurred or cloudy vision, difficulty seeing at night, sensitivity to light, and seeing halos around lights. Some people may also experience changes in colour perception or frequent changes in their glasses prescription. Surgery is the primary treatment for cataracts and is typically recommended when the cataracts significantly affect daily activities. During the procedure, the cloudy lens is removed and usually replaced with an artificial lens, which can restore clear vision. The surgery is generally safe and effective, allowing many people to regain their sight and improve their quality of life.
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious condition that can occur in individuals with diabetes, particularly type 1 diabetes. It arises when the body starts breaking down fat for energy due to a lack of insulin, leading to a build-up of acids called ketones in the blood. Common symptoms of DKA include excessive thirst, frequent urination, nausea or vomiting, abdominal pain, weakness or fatigue, and a fruity-smelling breath. If you experience these signs, it's crucial to seek medical assistance immediately, as DKA can escalate rapidly and become life-threatening. Preventing DKA involves careful management of diabetes. This includes regularly monitoring blood sugar levels, adhering to your insulin regimen, staying hydrated, and being mindful of any illness or stress that may affect your blood glucose. It's also important to know the signs of high blood sugar and how to respond effectively.
Diabetic retinopathy
Diabetic retinopathy is an eye condition that arises as a complication of diabetes. It affects the blood vessels in the retina, which is the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. Early on, you might not notice any symptoms, but as the condition progresses, you may experience blurred vision, dark spots, or even difficulty seeing colours. In severe cases, it can lead to vision loss. Preventing diabetic retinopathy primarily involves managing your diabetes effectively. This includes maintaining stable blood sugar levels, monitoring your blood pressure and cholesterol, and leading a healthy lifestyle with regular exercise and a balanced diet. It's also crucial to attend regular eye check-ups, as early detection can make a significant difference. Treatment options vary depending on the severity of the condition. For mild cases, monitoring may be all that's needed. However, if the retinopathy is more advanced, treatments may include laser therapy to seal leaking blood vessels, injections of medication into the eye to reduce swelling, or surgery to remove any blood that has leaked into the eye. Regular consultations with your healthcare provider are essential to determine the best course of action.
Erythrocytosis
Erythrocytosis, also known as polycythaemia, refers to a condition characterised by an elevated level of red blood cells in the bloodstream. It's important to understand the symptoms associated with this blood disorder and the available treatment options.
Eye cancer
Eye cancer, though rare, can occur in various forms, including melanoma and lymphoma. Symptoms may include blurred vision, dark spots on the iris, changes in the shape of the pupil, or unusual growths on the eye. Causes can vary, with risk factors including exposure to UV light, certain genetic conditions, and a history of skin cancer. Treatment options depend on the type and stage of cancer and may involve surgery, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy. The outlook for individuals with eye cancer can differ significantly based on the cancer's type, size, and how early it is detected. Regular eye examinations can help with early identification and improve outcomes.
Glaucoma
Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that can lead to damage of the optic nerve, often due to high pressure within the eye. It is important to be aware of the symptoms, types, causes, diagnostic methods, and available treatments and support for this condition. Symptoms of glaucoma can vary, but many people may not experience noticeable signs in the early stages. Common symptoms include gradual loss of peripheral vision, difficulty seeing in low light, and seeing halos around lights. In acute cases, individuals may experience sudden eye pain, headache, nausea, and blurred vision. There are several types of glaucoma. The most common is primary open-angle glaucoma, which develops slowly and without obvious symptoms initially. Angle-closure glaucoma occurs when the drainage angle of the eye becomes blocked, leading to a rapid increase in eye pressure. Other types include normal-tension glaucoma, where optic nerve damage occurs without high eye pressure, and congenital glaucoma, which is present at birth. The causes of glaucoma can vary. Increased eye pressure is a major risk factor, often resulting from an imbalance in the production and drainage of fluid within the eye. Other risk factors include age, family history of glaucoma, certain medical conditions such as diabetes, and prolonged use of corticosteroid medications. To diagnose glaucoma, an eye care professional will conduct a comprehensive eye examination, which may include measuring intraocular pressure, assessing the optic nerve, testing peripheral vision, and performing imaging tests to evaluate the optic nerve and retina. Treatment options for glaucoma aim to lower eye pressure and prevent further damage to the optic nerve. Common treatments include prescription eye drops, oral medications, laser therapy, and surgical procedures. Regular check-ups and monitoring are essential to manage the condition effectively. Support is also available for those living with glaucoma, including educational resources, support groups, and counselling services to help individuals cope with the emotional and practical aspects of the condition.
High blood sugar (hyperglycaemia)
Learn about high blood sugar, also known as hyperglycaemia. This condition occurs when there is too much glucose in the blood. Common symptoms include excessive thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, and blurred vision. A blood sugar level above 7 mmol/L when fasting, or higher than 11 mmol/L two hours after eating, is generally considered high. Managing your blood sugar levels can be achieved through a balanced diet, regular physical activity, staying hydrated, and, if necessary, medication as prescribed by your healthcare provider.
Hydrocephalus
Hydrocephalus, often referred to as fluid on the brain, is a condition characterised by an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the cavities of the brain, known as ventricles. This build-up can lead to increased pressure inside the skull, potentially causing various symptoms. Common symptoms of hydrocephalus can vary by age. In infants, signs may include an unusually large head, rapid head growth, vomiting, irritability, and poor feeding. In older children and adults, symptoms might include headaches, blurred vision, balance problems, cognitive difficulties, and changes in personality. The causes of hydrocephalus can be diverse. It may occur due to congenital factors, meaning a person is born with the condition, or it can develop later in life due to factors such as brain injuries, infections like meningitis, tumours, or bleeding in the brain. There are several types of hydrocephalus. Communicating hydrocephalus occurs when the flow of CSF is blocked after it exits the ventricles, while non-communicating hydrocephalus results from a blockage within the ventricles themselves. Normal pressure hydrocephalus is a specific type that typically affects older adults and is characterised by an increase in CSF with normal ventricular size. Diagnosing hydrocephalus usually involves a combination of physical examinations and imaging tests, such as MRI or CT scans, which can help doctors assess the size of the ventricles and identify any underlying issues. Treatment often involves the surgical insertion of a shunt, a device that helps drain excess fluid from the brain to another part of the body, where it can be absorbed. In some cases, endoscopic third ventriculostomy may be performed, creating a new pathway for CSF flow. Complications of untreated hydrocephalus can be serious and may include permanent brain damage, cognitive impairments, and mobility issues. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial to managing the condition effectively and minimising potential complications.